…I was struck by the small areas of light across the painting…
strike vt. & vi.(struck，struck) 突然想到；打；撞击；罢工；(灾难、疾病等)袭击；打动；擦，划(火柴)；(钟)敲，鸣；给……以印象 n．罢工；袭击；击；打
短语
strike…into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心
be struck by…被……打动
sth. strikes/struck sb. …某人突然想起……
It strikes/struck sb. that…某人突然想起……
be/go on strike举行罢工
striking adj.引人注目的，突出的
例句
(1) Mount Tai strikes its beauty beyond description into our hearts.
(2) An unusual idea struck me suddenly when I was walking on the street.
(3) All of the visitors were struck by the striking beauty of the West Lake.
(4) It struck me that there was no one at all at his home at that moment.
(5) Staff at the hospital went on strike to protest against the incident.
练习
一词多义：猜测小语段中strike的汉语意思
When the clock (1) nine, it (2) me that I would write a report about the workers’ (3), because I was deeply (4) by their stories. What (5) me most was that they never gave up life however hard it was.
答案
(1)struck敲响
(2)struck突然想到
③strikes罢工
④struck打动
⑤struck给……以印象
as opposed to
(表示对比)而，相对于
Everyday subject matter was the main focus of their works， as opposed to the history paintings that had traditionally dominated European art.
(1)oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量
oppose (doing) sth.反对(做)某事
oppose sb./sb.’s doing sth.反对某人做某事
(2)opposed adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的
be opposed to反对……；与……对立
(3)opposite n．相反的人或事物 adj.相反的；对立的
(1)The husband strongly opposed his wife going there alone.
(2)At first he was opposed to our plan，but we managed to argue him round.
(3)Good habits always lead to high efficiency，while bad ones bring the opposite.
单句语法填空
(1)It’s said that the expert would oppose (change) the law.
(2)The senior students are strongly opposed to (treat) unfairly by others.
(3) (oppose) to the new plan，most of the members left the meeting room.
答案
1.changing
2.being treated
3.Opposed
employ
vt.雇用；运用，使用；利用(时间、精力等)
They employed free brushwork and used colours to show the effect of light on things…
短语
employ sb.to do…雇用某人做……
employ…as…雇用……当……
employ oneself in (doing) sth.＝be employed in doing sth.从事于……，忙于……
employment n．工作；雇用；使用
out of employment失业
例句
(1)Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt the animals?
(2)For the past three decades he has been employed as a firefighter.
(3)The young man was employed/employed himself in painting the whole night.
(4)If graduates are thrown out of employment，it suggests that they are not well employed.
练习（单句语法填空/一句多译）
(1)It is against the law to employ children under sixteen (work) for any firm or factory.
(2)她忙着给花浇水，因此没有注意到发生的一切。
① ，she did not notice what was happening.(过去分词短语作状语)
② ，she did not notice what was happening.(现在分词短语作状语)
答案
1.to work
2.Employed in watering the flowers，Employing herself in watering the flowers
while
尽管，虽然
While it was hard to pick a favourite painting out of so many amazing works，the artists who made the deepest impression on me were two of the greatest Impressionist painters，Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir.
句中引导让步状语从句，意为“”。
用法归纳
(1)while意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。
(2)while意为“然而；可是”，用作并列连词，表示前后分句的对比。
(3)while意为“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句常置于句首)表示转折。
注意事项
while意为“虽然，尽管”时，与although，though用法相同，不与but连用。
(1)I like English while my brother prefers maths.
(2)While my parents love me very much，they are strict with my daily life.
(3)While I was looking through the news online，up came a video of a lovely bear.
完成句子
(1)As we all know，success lies in hard work .
我们都知道，成功在于努力，而懒惰导致失败。
(2) she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.
当她在人间时遇到了牧童牛郎，并相爱了。
(3) ，I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much money on it.
尽管旅游能够使我增长见识，但是我认为在这方面花费太多的金钱不是一个好主意。
答案
1.while laziness leads to failure
2.While she was on earth
3.While travelling can broaden my mind
It is also worthy of note that Post-Impressionist painters were not the only ones to be influenced by Impressionism…
worthy adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的；值得注意的
worthwhile adj.值得的；值得做的
worth adj.有……价值；值……钱；指行动值得 n.价值；作用
辨析比较
worthwhile，worth，worthy
be worthwhile doing/to do
It’s worthwhile doing sth.值得做某事。
It’s worthwhile to do sth.值得做某事。
Be worth n/doing
be worth＋n.值得……，值……钱
be worth doing“……值得被……”，用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义
worthy
be worthy of＋n/be done/be doing. 应得…………值得被……
be worthy of being done 接动名词的被动式
be worthy to be done 用不定式的被动式
(1) two hours reading the book.
花两个小时读这本书是值得的。
(2)My daughter has changed a lot these days；that is to say，the film was .(worth)
我女儿这些天变了很多，也就是说，这部电影很值得一看。
句型转换
(3)As they all know，this suggestion is worthy to be considered.
①As they all know，this suggestion is .
②As they all know，this suggestion is .
答案
1.It is worthwhile to spend/spending
2. well worth seeing
3.worthy of being considered，worthy of consideration
It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分
…it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d’Orsay…
(1)本句为强调句，强调句子的主语“their similarities”。
(2)强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、状语等进行强调。当被强调部分是人，且作主语时，可用who或that，其他情况下一律用that。
(3)强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was＋it＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
(4)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
(5)强调主语时，要注意主语和谓语的一致性。
(1) our teacher helps us make great progress.是我们的老师帮助我们取得了很大的进步。
(2) that he met our new teacher?
他是在公园里遇见我们的新老师的吗？
(3) he made up his mind to take this course?
他是什么时候决定修这门课的？
(4) I realized knowledge is valuable.
正是当我再次求职失败时，我意识到知识是有价值的。
答案
1.It ，who/that
2.Was it in the park
3.When was it that4.It was when I had another failure in my job-seeking that
arrange
vt.& vi.筹备；安排；整理
Arrange the vegetables on the toast to create your portrait.
短语
arrange sth.for sb.为某人安排好某事
arrange (for sb.) to do sth.安排(某人)做某事
arrangement n．安排；筹备
make an arrangement/arrangements for为……做安排
例句
(1)It’s not necessary for parents to arrange everything for their children.
(2)Have you arranged to meet Professor Mark this weekend?
(3)As is often the case，Dave will arrange for someone to attend the meeting.
(4)We are eager to make arrangements for our winter vacation.
练习（单句语法填空）
(1)They arranged (leave) the following spring.
(2)—Can you arrange us to visit the museum tomorrow?
—No problem.
(3)Please sign up at the office before 5∶00 pm next Thursday so that we will make necessary
(arrange)．
答案
1.to leave
2.for
3.arrangements
The scroll consists of three main sections.
consist of 由……组成，没有被动语态，不用于进行时，相当于be made up of或be composed of。
(1)consist v．组成；构成；在于；一致
consist in 在于；存在于
consist with 与……一致；相符
(2)consistent adj.一致的；连续的
(1)Listening is an active behavior consisting of hearing，understanding and remembering.
(2)Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times.
→Life is made up of not only sunshine but also hard times.
→Life is composed of not only sunshine but also hard times.
(3)The beauty of Venice consists in the style of its ancient buildings.
(4)He is a man whose actions do not consist with his promises.
单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)True wealth does not consist in what we have but what we are.
(2)由15家小工厂组成的这家公司正面临着严重的财政危机。
①The company 15 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.(定语从句)
②The company 15 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.(分词短语作定语)
答案
1.in
2. which/that consists of/is made up of/is composed of ，consisting of/made up of/composed of
…on closer inspection，the painting actually exposes serious political and social problems.
expose vt.暴露；显露；揭露；使遭受；使接触
(1)I tell him I will expose him to the police if he doesn’t return the painting to me.
(2)The mother tries to expose her children to some good books.
(3)Being exposed to sunlight for long will do harm to one’s skin.
单句语法填空/句式升级
(1)You should try not to make your children (expose) to violence.
(2)After a short (expose) to sunlight，his skin began to turn red.
(3)Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
① ，young people may risk going deaf.(过去分词短语作状语)
② ，young people may risk going deaf.(现在分词短语作状语)
答案
1.exposed
2.exposure
3.Exposed to very loud music every day，Exposing themselves to very loud music every day
I ts value is down not only to its great scale，artistic quality and attention to detail…
be down to归因于；由……引起(或造成)
(1)His success his amazing willpower.
他的成功完全是由于他惊人的意志力。
(2)The car accident .
这起车祸起因于司机的粗心。
答案
1.is all down to
2.was down to the driver’s carelessness
The public’s continued enthusiasm about the Qingming Scroll，even after all these centuries，speaks volumes about the power of this historic piece of art.
speak volumes about 清楚表明，充分说明
(1)Your small gestures how nervous you are.
你的小动作充分说明你有多紧张。
(2)Her facial expression .
她的面部表情充分说明她对这本新书很感兴趣。
答案
1.speak volumes about
2.spoke volumes about her interest in the new book
随堂练习
一
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We are glad to inform you that we plan to arrange a party you.
2．When (expose) to stress，in whatever form，all of us react both mentally and physically.
3．A university (consist) of teachers，administrators and students can help students realize their dreams.
答案
1.for
2.exposed
3.consisting
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．My father at the railway station this morning.
今天早上我的父亲安排我到火车站去接我姑姑。
2．When you ，a physiological reaction takes place.
当你把皮肤暴露在阳光下时会出现一种生理反应。
3． while happiness and sorrow in struggle.
生活主要是由快乐和悲伤组成的，而快乐和悲伤存在于拼搏之中。
答案
1. arranged for me to meet my aunt
2.expose your skin to the sun
3.Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow，consist in
二
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It was in China the 29th Olympic Games were held.
2．She was strongly (oppose) to the idea of going abroad.
3． the event will cost the government a lot，the benefits are easy for us to see.
4．A number of workers have been employed (complete) the task on time.
5．It’s worthwhile (prepare) for the worst conditions we might meet.
6．Heavy floods (strike) the South last week，causing great damage to the local people.
答案
1.that
2.opposed
3.While
4. to complete5.preparing/to prepare6.struck
Ⅱ.完成句子
1． she should adopt the homeless child.
她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。(strike)
2．The reference book ，because it is of great help to your study.
这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。(worthy)
3． problems between parents and children can be settled.
只有通过相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才可能被解决。(强调句)
4．Old people enjoy looking back on the past .
老年人喜欢回顾过去，而年轻人喜欢展望未来。(while)
答案
1.It struck her that
2. is worthy to be bought/of being bought
3.It is only by understanding each other that
4.while the young enjoy looking forward to the future