deserve
vt.值得，应得
短语
deserve to do sth.值得做……；应该做……
deserve to be done＝deserve doing/n.值得被做
deserve consideration/attention值得考虑/注意
例句
(1) It’s a piece that really deserves to be heard.
(2) I think you deserve to do what you like and help those in need.
(3) Some people tried to hold the plant back because they thought this old temple deserved protecting.
(4) The suggestion you put forward at the meeting deserves consideration.
练习（语法填空/单句写作）
(1) He deserved (win) the first prize because he had made enough preparations for the contest.
(2) There is no doubt that the man is guilty and that he deserves (punish)．
(3) John’s ( )（建议以及善举应该得到表扬）.
答案
1.to win
2. to be punished/punishing/punishment
3.John’s proposal and kind behaviour deserved to be praised/praising/praise
rely
依赖，依靠；信任
短语
rely vi.依靠；依赖；信任；信赖
rely on/upon sb.to do/doing sth.依靠/指望某人做某事
rely on sb./sth.for sth.指望某人/某物以获得某物
rely on/upon it that…相信……，指望……
reliable adj.可依赖的，可信赖的
注意：rely on的近义短语还有depend on，count on等。
例句
(1) My host family are big fans of country music，so I can always rely on them to introduce me to some great songs.
(2) Nowadays the children rely more on their parents to do/doing everything for them.
(3) For many older people，driving is important for preserving their independence，giving them the freedom to get about without having to rely on others for help.
(4) You may rely on it that Dr.Zhong will carry out the telesurgery(远程手术) successfully.
练习（单句语法填空/句式升级）
(1) We should rely on ourselves rather than others what we need.
(2) You may rely on/upon that the lecture hall built last year can admit 1,000 people at a time.
(3) Some students don’t have a (rely) car，while others have to share vehicles with their parents who work six days a week.
(4) You can rely on my helping you when you are in trouble.(含有it作形式宾语的复合句)
答案
1.for
2.it
3.reliable4.You can rely on it that I will help you when you are in trouble
guarantee
vt.保证；担保；确保；为(产品) 提供保修
n．保证；担保；保修单
短语
guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事
guarantee to do sth./that…保证做某事；确保……
be guaranteed to do sth.肯定会做某事；必定会做某事
under guarantee在保修期内
give sb.a guarantee that…向某人担保/保证……
例句
Why don’t you try to listen to some great country music？I guarantee you’ll enjoy it！
No one can guarantee you a job when you graduate from that college under the present economic situation.
We guarantee to deliver your goods within five days.
This latest incident is guaranteed to make the situation worse.
Your watch will be repaired free if it’s still under guarantee.
I appreciate your hard work，but I can not give you a guarantee that you will surely get promoted.
练习（单句语法填空/一句多译）
(1) I guarantee (pay) off his debts when I earn money.
(2) The car is less than one year old，so it is still guarantee.
(3) If we try to keep it a secret，she is (guarantee) to find it out.
(4) 我们保证克服困难，按时完成任务。
We the difficulty and finish the task on time.(guarantee v．；简单句)
that we will overcome the difficulty and finish the task on time.(guarantee v．；复合句)
We give that we will overcome the difficulty and finish the task on time.(guarantee n．)
答案
1.to pay
2.under
3.guaranteed
4.We guarantee to overcome the difficulty and finish the task on time，We guarantee that we will overcome the difficulty and finish the task on time，We give a guarantee that we will overcome the difficulty and finish the task on time
consist
It consists of four movements：“The Song of the Yellow River Boatmen”，“Ode to the Yellow River”，“The Yellow River in Anger” and “Defend the Yellow River”．
consist of(＝be made up of，be composed of) 由……组成(或构成)
consist v．组成；构成；在于；一致
consist in(＝lie in) 在于……；存在于……
consist with和……一致
consistent adj.一致的；连续的
be consistent with与……一致的；符合的
例句
(1) Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors(探测器) ，smoke detectors and sprinklers(酒水器) ．
(2) True education does not consist in being taught facts simply.
(3) The report doesn’t consist with the fact，which will make the readers disappointed.
(4) Some stars’ fame is not consistent with their behavior，which often makes the fans disappointed.
练习（单句语法填空/一句多译）
(1) (consist) of two campuses，this school covers a total area of 400 square kilometers with more than 4,000 students and teachers.
(2) True wealth does not consist what we have but in what we are.
(3) Our actions must be (consist) with words.
(4) 由5家小工厂组成的这家公司正面临着严重的财政危机。
①The company is facing a serious financial crisis.(定语从句)
②The company is facing a serious financial crisis.(现在分词短语作后置定语)
③The company is facing a serious financial crisis.(过去分词短语作后置定语)
答案
1.Consisting
2.in
3.consistent4.that/which consists of five small factories，consisting of five small factories，made up of/composed of five small factories
05 Overcome with sorrow，she jumps into his grave.
本句是一个复合句。she jumps into his grave是主句；Overcome with sorrow为过去分词短语在句中作原因状语。当句子主语与从句的动词为被动关系时，就用过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因和条件等；当句子主语与从句的动词为主动关系时，则用现在分词作状语。如果状语从句中的动词发生在谓语动词之前，并且与主句主语为被动关系时，则用“having been＋过去分词”结构。
(1) Occupied in making and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around.
(2) Accustomed to living in the countryside，the old man finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city.
(3) Unless accompanied by their parents，the children won’t be allowed to enter the stadium.
(4) Having been told many times，he still repeated the same mistake once again.
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1) (surround) by the clear waters，this forest can provide visitors with a wonderful chance to see endangered birds in the wild.
(2) (face) with so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time.
(3) ，my son still forgot to take the key.
我去上班前提醒他了，但是我儿子还是忘记带钥匙了。
答案
1.Surrounded
2.Faced
3.Having been reminded before I went to work
06 Finally，during the most exciting part，the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note，telling us how the couple transform into butterflies and fly away to be together forever.
transform vi.& vt.(使) 变形，(使) 改观，(使) 转化
(1) transform A into B 把A转变成B
transform…from…into…把……从……转变成……
(2) transformation n．转化；转换；改造；变换
(1) E-mail has the way people communicate in the past few years，which makes it convenient for us to keep in touch with each other.
(2) The ten years has witnessed a complete (transform) of the genetically modified technology.
(3) The company has been transformed a family business one with 3,000 workforce.
这家公司已经从一个家族企业转变为拥有3 000名员工的企业。
答案
1.transformed
2.transformation
3.from ，into
07 The simple tunes and beautiful natural images are often very suggestive of countryside surroundings.
surroundings n．周围，环境
(1) surround…with…使……包围……
be surrounded with/by被……包围
(2) surrounding adj.周围的
(1) Some insects take on the color of their to protect themselves.
有些昆虫会呈现周围环境的颜色以保护自己。
(2) The moment the gymnast appeared，he .
那位体操运动员一出现，他就被粉丝们围住了。
(3) The (surround) villages have been absorbed by the growing city.
周围的村庄都被不断发展的城市吞没了。
答案
1.surroundings
2.was surrounded by/with his fans
3.surrounding
08 The musical piece，an adaptation of Xian Xinghai’s Yellow River Cantata，tells how the Chinese people，led by the Communist Party of China，fought to overcome the Japanese invaders.
adaptation n．改编本，改写本；适应
(1) adapt vt.使适应；改编 vi.适应
adapt (…) to使(……) 适应于……
adapt oneself to使某人自己适应……
adapt A for B 将A改编为B
adapt A from B 根据B改编A
(2) adaptable adj.有适应能力的，能适应的
(1) On Thursday in an article published in Cell，a team of researchers reported a new kind of —not to air or to food，but to the ocean.
在周四发表在《细胞》杂志上的一篇文章中，一组研究人员报告了一种新的适应性——不是对空气或食物，而是对海洋。
(2) People in Ethiopian highlands at high altitudes.
生活在埃塞俄比亚高地的人们已经适应了在高海拔地区的生活。
(3) I’m writing to ask for your advice on our English short play adapted our English textbook.
我写信是想请求你就我们改编自我们英语课本的英语短剧提出建议。
(4) The director is fully convinced that this moving story，if it is adapted television play，will be a hit.
导演完全相信这个感人的故事，如果改编成电视剧，一定会大受欢迎。
答案
1.adaptation
2.have adapted to living
3.from 4.for
09 A group of scientists and artists got down to choosing suitable music.
get down to (doing) sth.开始做某事，开始认真注意(或对待) 某事
get away with 做了坏事而不受惩罚；受到从轻发落；携带……跑掉
get along/on with相处；进展
get sth.across使被理解；把……表达清楚；传达
get into进入；陷入；染上坏习惯；开始；参与
get over解决，克服；从疾病、震惊中恢复常态
get through 通过；完成；打电话；渡过
从上面方框中选择合适的短语完成下列句子
(1) It’s high time that we doing some serious work.
(2) How are you your boss who is said to be very strict?
(3) It is because she can’t her shyness that you can’t persuade her to sing a song in public.
(4) How can I get it to my parents that e-sports is also a serious business?
答案
1.got down to
2.getting along/on with
3.get over4.across
suitable adj.合适的，适宜的；适当的；适用的
短语
be suitable for…适合于……
be suitable to do sth.适合做某事
suit vt.适合；使适应 vi.合适；相称 n．一套衣服；套装
suit sb./sth.适合某人/某物
suit…to…使……适合……
例句
(1) Since you are good at table tennis，you are condemned to be the most suitable person.
(2) These clothes are not suitable to wear on formal occasions.
(3) A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his pupils.
练习（单句语法填空/完成句子）
(1) Li suggests traditional Chinese clothes while Su thinks the school uniforms are more (suit) ．
(2) Many of the fish caught for sport are not suitable eating，so they are thrown away.
(3) These colorful crayons are not suitable (use) in very hot weather.
(4) If not，let me know (什么时间最适合你) ．
答案
1.suitable
2.for
3.to use4.what time suits you best
09 We do not know what will happen in the end，but maybe the sound of the qin will one day be heard on a distant planet.
distant adj.遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的
distance n.距离；远处；冷淡
in the distance在远方，在远处
at a distance of 在距离……的地方
from a distance of从远处
keep one’s distance from与……保持距离
keep sb.at a distance与某人保持一定距离
(1) The Indians used to put their ears to the ground to hear a distant noise.
(2) Much to our delight，the sound of water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the river bank.
(3) He said that the next afternoon they saw land at a distance of fifteen miles from them.
(4) The father advised his children to keep their distance from the dangerous animals.
单句语法填空/一句多译
(1) the distance is a tall tree which is said to have a history of over 500 years.
(2) 很难了解她，因为她总是和每个人保持距离。
①It was difficult to get to know her because.
②It was difficult to get to know her because.
答案
1.In
2.she always kept everyone at a distance, she always kept her distance from everyone
10 …how could I possibly admit a weakness in the one sense which should be more perfect in me than in others，a sense which I once possessed in the greatest perfection…
possess v．拥有；具有(特质) ；支配，控制；(尤作复数) 所有；财产
(1) possess sth.具有某事
be possessed of 具有(某品质、能力等)
(2) possession n．拥有；(pl.) 所有物；财产
in possession of 占有；拥有；持有(主语为人)
in the possession of (sb.) ＝in one’s possession(某物) 为(某人) 所有
take possession of 占有；拥有；支配
(1) The reason why we all like the best-selling book is that the author possesses a sense of innovation.
(2) What astonished us was that he was in possession of a large number of the composer’s works.
(3) It must have been in the possession of a private collector.
(4) You can not legally take possession of the property until three weeks after the contract is signed.
单句语法填空/一句多译
(1) We need to repair our (possess) instead of throwing them away.
(2) Twenty years ago，his father was very rich and was possession of a farm.
(3) 直到所有文件都签了字你才能拥有这所房子。
①You can’t until all the papers have been signed.(possess)
②You can’t the house until all the papers have been signed.(possession)
③The house can’t you until all the papers have been signed.(possession)
答案
1.possessions
2.in
3.possess the house，take/be in possession of
11 Even in his darkest moments，however，Beethoven never abandoned hope.
abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 n．[U]放任；放纵
(1) abandon oneself to (doing) sth.沉湎于(做) 某事；纵情于(做) 某事
abandon doing sth.放弃做某事
(2) with abandon 放纵地；放任地；尽情地
(3) abandoned adj.无约束的；被遗弃的；放荡的
be abandoned to (doing) sth.沉湎于(做) 某事
(1) To his mother’s disappointment，the boy abandoned himself to playing computer games.
(2) He whispered to me that he had abandoned going to the concert to listen to the folk music.
(3) The little boy has such a good appetite that he often eats some junk food with abandon.
(4) Nowadays，many people are abandoned to staying up late，which does great harm to their health.
单句语法填空/句式升级
(1) Many young people decided to abandon (buy) houses in big cities because of the high price.
(2) We saw the (abandon) farms which were built more than 100 years ago.
(3) He abandoned himself to the Internet games and didn’t pass the exam.
① ，he didn’t pass the exam.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
② ，he didn’t pass the exam.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
答案
1.buying
2.abandoned
3.Abandoning himself to the Internet games，Abandoned to the Internet games
12 The music moves through technically difficult sections with ease，showing his genius as a composer.
ease n．安逸；舒适 v．减轻(痛苦、忧虑)
(1) at ease舒适；快活；自由自在
put/set sb.at ease使某人感到轻松自在
with ease轻而易举地；熟练地
(2) ease sb.of…减轻某人的……
ease one’s mind使某人安心
(1) The old couple are now quite at ease，as their son lives a happy life.
(2) When you feel nervous，you’d better listen to some light music to put yourself at ease.
(3) John has been working hard all these days，so he passed the exam with ease.
(4) I was worried that my roommates would misunderstand me，but my teacher’s words eased me of my anxiety.
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1) The dentist frowned，because he didn’t know how to put the little girl ease.
(2) Young people have a good memory and they can memorize what they are learning ease.
(3) The doctor promised that the medicine he had prescribed would .
医生保证他开的药会减轻病人们的痛苦。
答案
1.at
2.with
3.ease the patients of their suffering
13. As a gifted child，Beethoven was pushed by his father to study music day and night.
gifted adj.有才华的；有天赋的
be gifted in 在……方面有天分
gift n．天赋，才能；礼物
have a gift for在……方面有天分；对……有天赋
(1) He is one of the athletes who will take part in the Olympic Games on behalf of our country.
他是将代表我们国家参加奥运会的天才运动员之一。
(2) The boy，who languages and persuasion，is said to be able to communicate with foreigners fluently.
这个男孩在语言和说服力方面很有天赋，据说能够流利地与外国人交流。
(3) Mary was ，always dreaming of becoming a writer like J．K.Rowling and writing a series of novels associated with fantasy.
玛丽在写作方面很有天赋，她一直梦想着成为一个像J.K.罗琳那样的作家，写一系列与幻想有关的小说。
答案
1.gifted
2.had a great gift for
3.gifted in writing
upset
adj.心烦意乱的；难过的；失望的
vt.(upset；upset；upsetting) 使不安；使心烦；打翻
短语
be upset about/over/at sth.为某事心烦
be upset to do sth.对做某事感到不安
What upsets sb.is…让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb.to do sth./that…做某事让某人心烦/让某人心烦的是……
(1) I am so that I am not in the mood to talk with her about it.
我很难过，没有心情和她谈论这件事。
(2) I am most upset (hear) that the teenager hasn’t recovered from the operation.
听说这个少年还没有从手术中恢复过来，我很难过。
(3) She the way the vet treated the German on purpose at dusk.
她对那位兽医在黄昏时故意对待那个德国人的方式深感不安。
(4) Thanks to the Silence Machine，a British invention，you can get rid of the sound .
多亏了英国人发明的“静音机”，你可以在不惹恼男孩或他的父母的情况下摆脱声音。
(5) He was so upset that，at first，he wanted to keep it a secret.
答案
1.upset
2.to hear
3.was deeply upset about/at
4.without upsetting the boy or his parents
determine
v．坚定；决心；果断
短语
determine v．决定；查明；(使) 下定决心
determine to do sth.决心做某事(表动作)
determine sb.to do sth.使某人决定做某事
determine on/upon决定
determined adj.坚决的；果断的
be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表状态)
例句
(1) You can soon feel the determination—a quality Beethoven understood well because of his hearing difficulties—coursing through the music.
determination．
(2) With a strong ，one is able to overcome whatever hardships and dangers he may encounter.
有了坚定的决心，一个人就能克服他可能遇到的任何困难和危险。
(3) As he on time，he got up very early.
由于他决心准时到达那里，他起得很早。
(4) The (determine) look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.
他脸上坚定的表情表明他对自己有足够的信心。
(5) The teacher’s encouraging words .
老师鼓舞人心的话使他决定更加努力地学习。
答案
（1）determination
（2）(was) determined to get there
（3）determined4.determined him to study harder
desperate
adj.
铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；极度渴望的，极需要的；极严重的
短语
be desperate for…渴望得到……
be desperate to do…渴望做……
in desperate need of…非常需要……
desperately adv.绝望地，非常
例句
The next two movements are full of desperate lows and uplifting highs which perhaps reflect both his suffering and his strong will to fight it.
练习（语法填空/单句写作）
(1) The painter who ( ) reputation is making an attempt to create more popular paintings.
那位极度渴望名誉的画家正试图创作更受欢迎的画作。
(2) The fight was so fierce that we were ( ) help at that time.
打斗太激烈了，我们那时非常需要帮助。
(3) The criminal in prison for five years ( ) .
这个在监狱里待了5年的罪犯，迫切想与他的妻子和孩子团聚。
(4) At that time，Southern Ireland ( ) ，so Northern Ireland joined England，Wales，and Scotland to form the United Kingdom.
当时，南爱尔兰不顾一切地想要脱离，于是北爱尔兰加入了英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰，组成了联合王国。
答案
(1) is desperate for
(2) in desperate need of
(3) desperately wanted to reunite with his wife and children4. was desperate to break away